Microglial immunosurveillance after ischemic stroke: dynamic phenotypes, neurovascular interactions, and therapeutic opportunities.

Abstract excerpt

Ischemic stroke induces complex neuroimmune responses that extend beyond acute neuronal injury and involve dynamic interactions among microglia, the neurovascular unit, and peripheral immune cells. Microglia rapidly transition from homeostatic surveillance to damage sensing, cytokine production, phagocytic clearance, and tissue remodeling. Their functions are highly context-dependent: early microglial responses...

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