Cardiorespiratory fitness, genetic susceptibility, and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: findings from observational and two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomisation analyses.

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a common risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases, but the causal relation of CRF with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its interplay with genetic risk remain unknown. We integrated genetic susceptibility and causal inference methods to evaluate the protective roles of CRF in COPD development. METHODS: We included 68,288 White British individuals from...

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