Article
Macrophage heterogeneity governs the balance between fibrosis and tissue protection in systemic sclerosis.
Clinical and experimental rheumatology - 1 Aug 2026
Zheng Peimin, Liu Chaofan, Zhou Xing, Lu Jinghao, Li Ming, Zhu Lubing
Abstract excerpt
Systemic sclerosis (SSc), especially its life-threatening interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD), urgently requires targeted therapies. This review highlights how macrophage heterogeneity, transcending the obsolete M1/M2 paradigm, acts as a central orchestrator of the pathogenic "fibro-immune axis" linking vascular injury, immune dysregulation, and fibroblast-mediated fibrosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial...
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