Article
Time from waking to first cigarette, genetic susceptibility, and the risk of COPD: A Prospective cohort study from UK Biobank.
Heart & lung : the journal of critical care - 1 Jan 2026
Qiqi Liu, Haoxiang Liu, Chuansha Wu, Xiaojie Sun, Longzhu Xiong, Chunxue Kong, Jixuan Ma, Ting Zhou
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND: Smoking is a well-established risk factor for COPD, but the impact of time from waking to first cigarette (TWFC) remains underexplored, particularly regarding its interactions. OBJECTIVES: We aim to investigate the TWFC-COPD association among current smokers and evaluate its interactions with genetic susceptibility, smoking pack-years and difficulty not smoking for one day (DNSD). METHODS: Using data...
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