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Article

Refining the Definition of Stage 1 Type 1 Diabetes: An Ontology-Driven Analysis of the Heterogeneity of Multiple Islet Autoimmunity.

Diabetes care - 1 Oct 2023

Frohnert Brigitte I, Ghalwash Mohamed, Li Ying, Ng Kenney, Dunne Jessica L, Lundgren Markus, Hagopian William, Lou Olivia, Winkler Christiane, Toppari Jorma, Veijola Riitta, Anand Vibha

Abstract excerpt

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk of progression to stage 3 type 1 diabetes based on varying definitions of multiple islet autoantibody positivity (mIA). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Type 1 Diabetes Intelligence (T1DI) is a combined prospective data set of children from Finland, Germany, Sweden, and the U.S. who have an increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes. Analysis included 16,709 infants-toddlers enrolled...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 36862942
DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1960
PMCID: PMC10516254

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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