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Article

Induction of IL-9 in Peripheral Lymphocytes of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients and Healthy Donors by Th17-Inducing Cytokine Conditions.

Frontiers in immunology - 1 Jan 2021

Heim Jana, Almanzar Giovanni, Schmalzing Marc, Gernert Michael, Tony Hans-Peter, Prelog Martina

Abstract excerpt

IL-9-producing Th9 cells display a group of helper T cells with similarities to Th17 and Th2 T cells and have been shown to be involved in synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. So far, it is unclear which parameters drive Th9 differentiation in lymphocytes derived from RA patients compared to immunologically healthy individuals and whether autocrine mechanisms are able to enhance Th9...

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 33995403
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.668095
PMCID: PMC8117786

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 6 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-06.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 6 Sept 2026.

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