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Article

Investigating causality in associations between smoking initiation and schizophrenia using Mendelian randomization.

Scientific reports - 19 Jan 2017

Gage Suzanne H, Jones Hannah J, Taylor Amy E, Burgess Stephen, Zammit Stanley, Munafò Marcus R

Abstract excerpt

Smoking is strongly associated with schizophrenia. Although it has been widely assumed that this reflects self-medication, recent studies suggest that smoking may be a risk factor for schizophrenia. We performed two-sample bi-directional Mendelian randomization using summary level genomewide association data from the Tobacco And Genetics Consortium and Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Variants associated with...

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Identifiers

PMID: 28102331
DOI: 10.1038/srep40653
PMCID: PMC5244403

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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