Article
Neurotoxic reactive astrocytes are induced by activated microglia.
Nature - 26 Jan 2017
Liddelow Shane A, Guttenplan Kevin A, Clarke Laura E, Bennett Frederick C, Bohlen Christopher J, Schirmer Lucas, Bennett Mariko L, Münch Alexandra E, Chung Won-Suk, Peterson Todd C, Wilton Daniel K, Frouin Arnaud, Napier Brooke A, Panicker Nikhil, Kumar Manoj, Buckwalter Marion S, Rowitch David H, Dawson Valina L, Dawson Ted M, Stevens Beth, Barres Ben A
Abstract excerpt
Reactive astrocytes are strongly induced by central nervous system (CNS) injury and disease, but their role is poorly understood. Here we show that a subtype of reactive astrocytes, which we termed A1, is induced by classically activated neuroinflammatory microglia. We show that activated microglia induce A1 astrocytes by secreting Il-1α, TNF and C1q, and that these cytokines together are necessary and sufficient...
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