Widespread non-additive and interaction effects within HLA loci modulate the risk of autoimmune diseases.

doi:10.1038/ng.3379

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Article

Widespread non-additive and interaction effects within HLA loci modulate the risk of autoimmune diseases.

Nature genetics - 1 Sept 2015

Lenz Tobias L, Deutsch Aaron J, Han Buhm, Hu Xinli, Okada Yukinori, Eyre Stephen, Knapp Michael, Zhernakova Alexandra, Huizinga Tom W J, Abecasis Gonçalo, Becker Jessica, Boeckxstaens Guy E, Chen Wei-Min, Franke Andre, Gladman Dafna D, Gockel Ines, Gutierrez-Achury Javier, Martin Javier, Nair Rajan P, Nöthen Markus M, Onengut-Gumuscu Suna, Rahman Proton, Rantapää-Dahlqvist Solbritt, Stuart Philip E, Tsoi Lam C, van Heel David A, Worthington Jane, Wouters Mira M, Klareskog Lars, Elder James T, Gregersen Peter K, Schumacher Johannes, Rich Stephen S, Wijmenga Cisca, Sunyaev Shamil R, de Bakker Paul I W, Raychaudhuri Soumya

Abstract excerpt

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes confer substantial risk for autoimmune diseases on a log-additive scale. Here we speculated that differences in autoantigen-binding repertoires between a heterozygote's two expressed HLA variants might result in additional non-additive risk effects. We tested the non-additive disease contributions of classical HLA alleles in patients and matched controls for five common...

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Identifiers

PMID: 26258845
DOI: 10.1038/ng.3379
PMCID: PMC4552599

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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