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Article

Unexpected phenotypes of malformations induced in Xenopus tropicalis embryos by combined exposure to triphenyltin and 9-cis-retinoic acid.

Journal of environmental sciences (China) - 1 Mar 2014

Zhu Jingmin, Yu Lin, Wu Lijiao, Hu Lingling, Shi Huahong

Abstract excerpt

Xenopus tropicalis embryos were exposed for 48 hr to the mixtures of 5 μg Sn/L triphenyltin (TPT), which is a well-known endocrine disruptor, and 0.25-5 μg/L 9-cis retinoic acid (9c-RA), which is the natural ligand of retinoid X receptor. The phenotypes induced by combined exposure were more variable than those resulting from single exposure to either TPT or 9c-RA. The prominent phenotypes included underdeveloped...

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PMID: 25079278
DOI: 10.1016/S1001-0742(13)60474-X

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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