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Article

Neuroexcitatory effects of morphine-3-glucuronide are dependent on Toll-like receptor 4 signaling.

Journal of neuroinflammation - 16 Aug 2012

Due Michael R, Piekarz Andrew D, Wilson Natalie, Feldman Polina, Ripsch Matthew S, Chavez Sherry, Yin Hang, Khanna Rajesh, White Fletcher A

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Multiple adverse events are associated with the use of morphine for the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain, including opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). Mechanisms of OIH are independent of opioid tolerance and may involve the morphine metabolite morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G). M3G exhibits limited affinity for opioid receptors and no analgesic effect. Previous reports suggest that M3G can act via the...

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 22898544
DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-9-200
PMCID: PMC3519737

Genes

TLR4

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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