IFNγ Restores Breast Cancer Sensitivity to Fulvestrant by Regulating STAT1, IFN Regulatory Factor 1, NF-κB, BCL2 Family Members, and Signaling to Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis

Abstract excerpt

Antiestrogens are effective therapies for the management of many estrogen receptor-alpha (ER)-positive breast cancers. Nonetheless, both de novo and acquired resistance occur and remain major problems in the clinical setting. IFNgamma is an inflammatory cytokine that induces the expression and function of IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), a tumor suppressor gene that can increase antiestrogen responsiveness. We...

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