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Article

FOXM1 Upregulation Is an Early Event in Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma and it Is Enhanced by Nicotine during Malignant Transformation

13 Mar 2009

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Cancer associated with smoking and drinking remains a serious health problem worldwide. The survival of patients is very poor due to the lack of effective early biomarkers. FOXM1 overexpression is linked to the majority of human cancers but its mechanism remains unclear in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: FOXM1 mRNA and protein expressions were...

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PMID: 19287496
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004849

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