Article
The MSX1 allele 4 homozygous child exposed to smoking at periconception is most sensitive in developing nonsyndromic orofacial clefts.
Human genetics - 1 Dec 2008
van den Boogaard Marie-José H, de Costa Dominique, Krapels Ingrid P C, Liu Fan, van Duijn Cock, Sinke Richard J, Lindhout Dick, Steegers-Theunissen Régine P M
Abstract excerpt
Nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (OFC) are common birth defects caused by certain genes interacting with environmental factors. Mutations and association studies indicate that the homeobox gene MSX1 plays a role in human clefting. In a Dutch case-control triad study (mother, father, and child), we i...
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