An elementary reaction step of the proton pump is revealed by mutation of tryptophan-164 to phenylalanine in cytochrome c oxidase from Paracoccus denitrificans.

Abstract excerpt

Cytochrome c oxidase couples reduction of dioxygen to water to translocation of protons over the inner mitochondrial or bacterial membrane. A likely proton acceptor for pumped protons is the Delta-propionate of heme a(3), which may receive the proton via water molecules from a conserved glutamic acid (E278 in subunit I of the Paracoccus denitrificans enzyme) and which receives a hydrogen bond from a conserved...

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