Early extreme contradictory estimates may appear in published research: the Proteus phenomenon in molecular genetics research and randomized trials.

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Divergent results on the same scientific question generate controversy. We hypothesized that controversial data are attractive to investigators and editors, and thus the most extreme, opposite results would appear very early rather than late, as data accumulate, provided data can be generated rapidly. METHODS: We used data from MEDLINE-indexed meta-analyses of case-control studies on...

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