Article

Soluble immune checkpoints are dysregulated in COVID-19 and heavy alcohol users with HIV infection

2021-12-30

Abstract excerpt

Immune checkpoints (ICPs) consist of paired receptor-ligand molecules that exert inhibitory or stimulatory effects on immune defense, surveillance, regulation, and self-tolerance. ICPs exist in both membrane and soluble forms in vivo and in vitro . Imbalances between inhibitory and stimulatory membrane-bound ICPs (mICPs) in malignant cells and immune cells in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) have been well...

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Literature Corpus work: 3b65badc-1b47-528d-b97c-3978ed17c652
DOI: 10.1101/2021.12.22.21268218

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