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Article

Evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat promoter by conversion of an NF-kappaB enhancer element into a GABP binding site.

Journal of virology - 1 Feb 1999

Verhoef K, Sanders R W, Fontaine V, Kitajima S, Berkhout B

Abstract excerpt

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcription is regulated by the viral Tat protein and cellular factors, of which the concentration and activity may depend on the cell type. Viral long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter sequences are therefore optimized to suit the specific nuclear environment of the target host cell. In long-term cultures of a Tat-defective, poorly replicating HIV-1 mutant, we selected...

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Identifiers

PMID: 9882338
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.73.2.1331-1340.1999
PMCID: PMC103957

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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