Macrophage polarization state influences fusion and phenotype of human foreign body giant cells in vitro.

Abstract excerpt

Introduction: Macrophages and their fused counterpart, foreign body giant cells (FBGCs), have a determining influence on the long-term functionality of implanted biomaterials, coordinating biomaterial resorption and fibrous encapsulation. Modulating macrophage phenotype into favorable polarization states is a widely adopted strategy to attempt steering the foreign body response. However, the links between...

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