Article
Causal association between insomnia and diabetic nephropathy independent of diabetes: Evidence from 2-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.
Medicine - 31 Oct 2025
Zhang Jiaxiang, Liu Bin, Han Jiansong, Gu Xinquan
Abstract excerpt
This study investigates the putative causal relationship between insomnia and urinary system diseases utilizing Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Instrumental variables were systematically selected based on predefined criteria. Two-sample MR analysis was performed employing the inverse variance weighted method as the primary analytical approach. The causal associations between insomnia and common urological...
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