Mendelian randomization study revealed a gut microbiota-immune system-kidney junction axis in chronic kidney disease

Abstract excerpt

The alterations of the gut microbiome and cytokine profiles and an elevated risk has correlated with kidney disease progression. However, the causal relationship between gut microbiota and chronic kidney disease (CKD) or related kidney function, and whether cytokines and immune cells act as mediators, remains unclear. Using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data for CKD, estimated glomerular filtration rate...