Examining the potential causal relationships among smoking behaviors, blood DNA methylation profiles, and the development of coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction.

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Smoking has been identified as a standalone risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction (MI), but the precise underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. RESULTS: In this study, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to examine the impact of smoking behaviors (including smoking initiation, age of smoking initiation, cigarettes per day, and...

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