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A chicken and egg scenario in psychoneuroimmunology: Bidirectional mechanisms linking cytokines and depression

19 Jun 2021

Abstract excerpt

Background: Cytokines are an important part of the immune system. Certain cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), have well-described associations with depression. Various mechanisms exist that may explain bidirectional effects of cytokines on depression and vice versa. No recent reviews to our knowledge have comprehensively characterized both these mechanisms and the...

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PMID: 35992016
DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100177

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