Vitamin D deficiency and C-reactive protein: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Low vitamin D status is often associated with systemic low-grade inflammation as reflected by elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. We investigated the causality and direction of the association between vitamin D status and CRP using linear and non-linear Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. METHODS: MR analyses were conducted using data from 294 970 unrelated participants of White-British...

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