<i>Ttll9</i> −/− mice sperm flagella show shortening of doublet 7, reduction of doublet 5 polyglutamylation and a stall in beating

Abstract excerpt

Nine outer doublet microtubules in axonemes of flagella and cilia are heterogeneous in structure and biochemical properties. In mammalian sperm flagella, one of the factors to generate the heterogeneity is tubulin polyglutamylation, although the importance of the heterogeneous modification is unclear. Here, we show that a tubulin polyglutamylase Ttll9 deficiency (Ttll9(-/-)) causes a unique set of phenotypes...

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