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Article

IQ of four-year-olds who go on to develop dyslexia.

Journal of learning disabilities - 1 Jan 2000

van Bergen Elsje, de Jong Peter F, Maassen Ben, Krikhaar Evelien, Plakas Anna, van der Leij Aryan

Abstract excerpt

Do children who go on to develop dyslexia show normal verbal and nonverbal development before reading onset? According to the aptitude-achievement discrepancy model, dyslexia is defined as a discrepancy between intelligence and reading achievement. One of the underlying assumptions is that the general cognitive development of children who fail to learn to read has been normal. The current study tests this...

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Identifiers

PMID: 23492905
DOI: 10.1177/0022219413479673

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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