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Article

Association between bilirubin and cardiovascular disease risk factors: using Mendelian randomization to assess causal inference.

BMC cardiovascular disorders - 14 Mar 2012

McArdle Patrick F, Whitcomb Brian W, Tanner Keith, Mitchell Braxton D, Shuldiner Alan R, Parsa Afshin

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Elevated serum bilirubin has been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, serum bilirubin is also related with several potential confounders related to CVD, such as obesity. Mendelian randomization has been proposed as a method to address challenges to validity from confounding and reverse causality. It utilizes genotype to estimate causal relationships between a gene...

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Identifiers

PMID: 22416852
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-12-16
PMCID: PMC3313889

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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