Article
Streptococcus pneumoniae in biofilms are unable to cause invasive disease due to altered virulence determinant production.
PloS one - 1 Jan 2011
Sanchez Carlos J, Kumar Nikhil, Lizcano Anel, Shivshankar Pooja, Dunning Hotopp Julie C, Jorgensen James H, Tettelin Hervé, Orihuela Carlos J
Abstract excerpt
It is unclear whether Streptococcus pneumoniae in biofilms are virulent and contribute to development of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Using electron microscopy we confirmed the development of mature pneumococcal biofilms in a continuous-flow-through line model and determined that biofilm formation occurred in discrete stages with mature biofilms composed primarily of dead pneumococci. Challenge of mice...
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