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Article

Anthrax toxin induces macrophage death by p38 MAPK inhibition but leads to inflammasome activation via ATP leakage.

Immunity - 22 Jul 2011

Ali Syed Raza, Timmer Anjuli M, Bilgrami Sameera, Park Eek Joong, Eckmann Lars, Nizet Victor, Karin Michael

Abstract excerpt

Detection of microbial constituents by membrane associated and cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors is the essence of innate immunity, leading to activation of protective host responses. However, it is still unclear how immune cells specifically respond to pathogenic bacteria. Using virulent...

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Identifiers

PMID: 21683629
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.04.015
PMCID: PMC3889666

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 4 Sept 2026. Prepared record publication-21683629-2026-09-04.2. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-04.2.

Source receipt: PubMed via Helena Literature Corpus, retrieved 4 Sept 2026.

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