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Article

A user's guide to channelrhodopsin variants: features, limitations and future developments.

Experimental physiology - 1 Jan 2011

Lin John Y

Abstract excerpt

Channelrhodopsins (ChRs) are light-activated channels from algae that provide these organisms with fast sensors to visible light for phototaxis. Since its discovery, channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) has been used as a research tool to depolarize membranes of excitable cells with light. Subsequent chimeragenesis, mutagenesis and bioinformatic approaches have introduced additional ChR variants, such as channelrhodopsin-2...

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Identifiers

PMID: 20621963
DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2009.051961
PMCID: PMC2995811

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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