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Article

A new mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) paradigm: polarization into a pro-inflammatory MSC1 or an Immunosuppressive MSC2 phenotype.

PloS one - 26 Apr 2010

Waterman Ruth S, Tomchuck Suzanne L, Henkle Sarah L, Betancourt Aline M

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Our laboratory and others reported that the stimulation of specific Toll-like receptors (TLRs) affects the immune modulating responses of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs). Toll-like receptors recognize "danger" signals, and their activation leads to profound cellula...

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 20436665
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010088
PMCID: PMC2859930

Genes

TLR3
TLR4
MSC

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 4 Sept 2026. Prepared record publication-20436665-2026-09-04.2. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-04.2.

Source receipt: PubMed via Helena Literature Corpus, retrieved 4 Sept 2026.

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