Mutations with multiple independent origins in surface antigens mark the targets of biological selective pressure.

Abstract excerpt

This manuscript documents the existence and importance of a small subset of mutations in Plasmodium falciparum genes that continually reoccur in separated populations. Here we describe how to identify recurrent mutations using a novel application of pre-existing computer programs designed to trace genealogy. Perhaps the most striking example of this phenomenon occurs in the cytotoxic T-cell epitope of a malaria...

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