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Non‐identical monozygotic twins, intermediate twin types, zygosity testing, and the non‐random nature of monozygotic twinning: A review

10 Apr 2009

Abstract excerpt

Monozygotic twins (MZ) are rarely absolutely "identical." This review discusses the types of genetic/epigenetic and prenatal environmental post-zygotic mechanisms that cause discordance within such twin pairs. Some of these mechanisms--ranging from heterokaryotypia to skewed X-chromosome inactivation--may cause extreme discordance, but these extremes are merely the more emphatic examples of discordance that, to...

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PMID: 19363805
DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.30212

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