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Article

Enterotoxin-based mucosal adjuvants alter antigen trafficking and induce inflammatory responses in the nasal tract.

Infection and immunity - 1 Oct 2005

van Ginkel Frederik W, Jackson Raymond J, Yoshino Naoto, Hagiwara Yukari, Metzger Daniel J, Connell Terry D, Vu Hong L, Martin Michael, Fujihashi Kohtaro, McGhee Jerry R

Abstract excerpt

The safety of nasal vaccines containing enterotoxin-based mucosal adjuvants has not been studied in detail. Previous studies have indicated that native cholera toxin (nCT) can alter antigen trafficking when applied nasally. In this study, we determined the enterotoxin-based variables that alter antigen trafficking. To measure the influence of enterotoxin-based mucosal adjuvants on antigen trafficking in the nasal...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 16177369
DOI: 10.1128/IAI.73.10.6892-6902.2005
PMCID: PMC1230900

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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