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Article

A second generation of double mutant cholera toxin adjuvants: enhanced immunity without intracellular trafficking.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) - 1 Sept 2006

Hagiwara Yukari, Kawamura Yuki I, Kataoka Kosuke, Rahima Bibi, Jackson Raymond J, Komase Katsuhiro, Dohi Taeko, Boyaka Prosper N, Takeda Yoshifumi, Kiyono Hiroshi, McGhee Jerry R, Fujihashi Kohtaro

Abstract excerpt

Nasal application of native cholera toxin (nCT) as a mucosal adjuvant has potential toxicity for the CNS through binding to GM1 gangliosides in the olfactory nerves. Although mutants of cholera toxin (mCTs) have been developed that show mucosal adjuvant activity without toxicity, it still remains unclear whether these mCTs will induce CNS damage. To help overcome these concerns, in this study we created new...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy Delete account & data About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 16920941
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.5.3045
PMCID: PMC4469177

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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