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Article

Deletion of guanine nucleotide binding protein alpha z subunit in mice induces a gene dose dependent tolerance to morphine.

Neuropharmacology - 1 May 2004

Leck K J, Bartlett S E, Smith M T, Megirian D, Holgate J, Powell K L, Matthaei K I, Hendry I A

Abstract excerpt

The mechanism underlying the development of tolerance to morphine is still incompletely understood. Morphine binds to opioid receptors, which in turn activates downstream second messenger cascades through heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins). In this paper, we show that...

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Identifiers

PMID: 15033343
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2003.11.024

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 2 Sept 2026. Prepared record publication-15033343-2026-09-02.2. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-02.2.

Source receipt: PubMed via Helena Literature Corpus, retrieved 2 Sept 2026.

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