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Article

Opposite metabolic changes in the habenula and ventral tegmental area of a genetic model of helpless behavior.

Brain research - 14 Feb 2003

Shumake J, Edwards E, Gonzalez-Lima F

Abstract excerpt

Congenitally helpless rats have been selectively bred to display an immediate helpless response to stress in order to model hereditary brain differences that contribute to depression vulnerability. Differences in regional brain metabolism between congenitally helpless and non-helpless rats were investigated using quantitative cytochrome oxidase histochemistry. The results indicated that congenitally helpless rats...

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Identifiers

PMID: 12560133
DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(02)04048-9

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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