Profound Opioid and Medetomidine Withdrawal: A Case Series and Narrative Review of Available Literature

Abstract excerpt

Medetomidine, a potent veterinary α-2 agonist, has emerged as a fentanyl adulterant in the non-medical opioid supply. Its use has been linked to a novel withdrawal syndrome that is often resistant to conventional treatment protocols. Four cases are presented demonstrating extreme forms of this withdrawal syndrome. A literature review is provided showing both the paucity of available literature as well as potential...

Topics

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• Drug Tolerance
• Ligands
• Models, Molecular
• Mutation
• Phylogeny
• Receptors, Opioid
• Substance-Related Disorders
• Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

Identifiers and source

Literature Corpus work

c91fd819-9486-5a61-bee3-efe8dc212212

DOI

10.20944/preprints202508.0751.v1