Discover Community Create You

Loading publication...

Noodle always counts identifier-free feature events for service operation. With your permission, Google Analytics can also estimate audience and engagement. Search text, publication identifiers, cookies, IP addresses and browser fingerprints are never included in Noodle's first-party event counters.

Privacy details

Article

Z and S mutations of the alpha1-antitrypsin gene and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology - 1 Feb 1999

Sandford A J, Weir T D, Spinelli J J, Paré P D

Abstract excerpt

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been associated with heterozygosity for the Z and S alleles of the alpha1-antitrypsin gene in some studies, but these observations have not been confirmed by others. Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for COPD and may have been a confounding factor in many of the previous studies. We investigated whether the Z or S alleles were more prevalent in a group of...

Read the complete abstract on PubMed

Topics

Share this publication in a Topic to start or enrich a Post.

Share to Aged
Share to Alleles
Share to Base Sequence

Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy Delete account & data About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

Share to DNA Primers

Share to Heterozygote

Share to Mutation

Share to Polymerase Chain Reaction

Share to Risk Factors

Source

Identifiers

PMID: 9922220
DOI: 10.1165/ajrcmb.20.2.3177

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

Related research

Semantic proximity does not establish scientific evidence. Graph snapshot: 2026-09-29.

Research trail→

Click a neighbor to travelStep 1 · 10 closest

Z and S mutations of the alpha1-antitrypsin gene and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.PMID 9922220Read ↗

Genetic risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Genetic risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseSemantic proximity Read ↗

Determination of alpha 1-antitrypsin levels and of the presence of S and Z alleles in a population of patients with chronic respiratory symptoms.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Change in lung function and morbidity from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in alpha1-antitrypsin MZ heterozygotes: A longitudinal study of the general population.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin MZ Heterozygosity Is an Endotype of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Molecular diagnosis of intermediate and severe alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency: MZ individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may have lower lung function than MM individuals.Semantic proximity Read ↗

SZ alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and pulmonary disease: more like MZ, not like ZZ.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency alleles and severe cystic fibrosis lung disease.Semantic proximity Read ↗

alpha1-antitrypsin genotypes and the acute-phase response to open heart surgery.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Mutation in the 3' region of the alpha-1-antitrypsin gene and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Semantic proximity Read ↗

⌁Select a neighboring publication to make it the new centre.