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Article

Multiple stages and genetic alterations in immortalization, malignant transformation, and tumor progression of human skin keratinocytes.

Molecular carcinogenesis - 1 Nov 1998

Fusenig N E, Boukamp P

Abstract excerpt

An in vitro carcinogenesis model of human skin keratinocytes has been developed based on the spontaneously immortalized keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. Immortalization, the initial stage in human carcinogenesis in vitro, was induced by ultraviolet-type mutations in the p53 gene followed by further genetic alterations leading to the loss of senescence genes, in particular on chromosome 3p. Despite multiple genetic...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy Delete account & data About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Identifiers

PMID: 9833775
DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2744(199811)23:3<144::aid-mc3>3.0.co;2-u

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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