Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and Adhesive Capsulitis: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study of the European Population.

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Whether hypertension and dyslipidemia are risk factors for adhesive capsulitis (AC) remains controversial. Many observational studies have reported conflicting results. However, observational studies are susceptible to confounding and reverse causation, limiting the ability to establish causality. Therefore, a robust method is needed to clarify these relationships. METHODS: We first conducted a...

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