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Article

Structural and evolutionary constraints of organophosphate resistance in dipteran carboxylesterases.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - 3 Mar 2026

Frkic Rebecca L, Giang Alex, Pulsford Sacha B, Liu Jian-Wei, Esmaeily Mojtaba, Carr Paul D, Fraser Nicholas J, Hopkins Davis, Oakeshott John G, Batterham Philip, Mabbitt Peter D, Jackson Colin J

Abstract excerpt

Enzymatic detoxification of organophosphate (OP) insecticides can confer resistance in some insects, yet the precise molecular basis of this trait, and how it has evolved, remains poorly understood. In certain dipteran species, a G→D mutation in the oxyanion hole of α-carboxylesterases (CBEs) enhances OP hydrolysis, yet this adaptation is not widespread despite the presence of orthologous CBEs in other insect...

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PMID: 41730108
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2517957123
PMCID: PMC12956860

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