Causal association between sarcopenia and iron deficiency anemia: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Abstract excerpt

To investigate potential causal links between sarcopenia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA), we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using genome-wide association study data. Instrumental variables were selected based on genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-⁸), linkage disequilibrium pruning (r2 < 0.001), minor allele frequency > 0.01, and F-statistics > 10. Analysis used inverse-variance...

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