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Article

Particulate matter 2.5 promotes pulmonary fibrosis in allergic asthma through macrophage reprogramming toward the M2 phenotype.

The Science of the total environment - 1 Nov 2025

Kim Dong Im, Song Mi-Kyung, Yuk Ji Eun, Choi Jiwon, Park Jiyoung, Lee Kyuhong

Abstract excerpt

Inhaled particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5, ≤ 2.5 μm) exacerbates airway inflammation and promotes fibrosis in allergic asthma. However, most studies have focused on airway inflammation, and direct evidence linking PM2.5 to fibrosis in allergic asthma remains limited. Here, we investigated how PM2.5 promotes fibrotic progress in allergic asthma, focusing on macrophage plasticity. PM2.5 induced neutrophil-dominant...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Source

Identifiers

PMID: 41045875
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180609

Genes

TNF

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026.

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