Article
Role of the TGF‑β/Smad signaling pathway in the transition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease (Review)
30 Jul 2025
Abstract excerpt
The progression from acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a focal point of investigation, with the TGF‑β/Smad signaling pathway emerging as a key mediator in this process. The present review assesses how TGF‑β/Smad contributes to renal fibrosis and the subsequent deterioration of kidney function following AKI. Drawing on recent experimental and clinical findings, this study...
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