The CD38+HLA-DR+ T cells with activation and exhaustion characteristics as predictors of severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients

Abstract excerpt

Background The COVID-19 pandemic remains a global health challenge. Severe cases often respond poorly to standard treatments, highlighting the necessity for novel therapeutic targets and early predictive biomarkers. Methods We utilized flow cytometry to analyze peripheral immune cells from healthy, bacterial pneumonia patients, and COVID-19 patients. The expansion of activated T cells (CD38+HLA-DR+), monocytes,...

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