Expression and delivery of HA1-M2e antigen using an innovative attenuated Salmonella–mediated delivery system confers promising protection against H9N2 avian influenza challenge

Abstract excerpt

This study explores a dual expression vector system for delivering prokaryotic and eukaryotic antigens to improve conventional vaccination strategies. To enhance immune protection against H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV), which threatens poultry and humans, we used the previously constructed pJHL270 and pJHL305 plasmids with the Ptrc and CMV promoters to stimulate MHC class II and I responses through exogenous...

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