Article
Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Testicular Cancer: A Systematic Review.
European urology - 1 Apr 2025
Tateo Valentina, Thompson Zachary J, Gilbert Scott M, Cortessis Victoria K, Daneshmand Siamak, Masterson Timothy A, Feldman Darren R, Pierorazio Phillip M, Prakash Gagan, Heidenreich Axel, Albers Peter, Necchi Andrea, Spiess Philippe E
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are globally rare, although incidence significantly varies across global geographic regions and ethnicities. Recent decades have seen an unexplained increase in incidence. This review investigates the changing epidemiology of TGCT and identifies key risk factors. METHODS: A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic...
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