Low vitamin D concentrations and BMI are causal factors for primary biliary cholangitis: A mendelian randomization study

Abstract excerpt

Backgrounds: Observational studies have identified associations between smoking, alcohol use, body mass index (BMI), and the levels of vitamin D with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). However, there was a lack of randomization control studies to estimate the causal relationship. This study was to investigate the causal estimates for the effects of those risk factors on PBC. Methods: The genetic instrument...

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