Article
Challenges for the development of a universal vaccine against leptospirosis revealed by the evaluation of 22 vaccine candidates
7 Oct 2022
Abstract excerpt
Leptospirosis is a neglected disease of man and animals that affects nearly half a million people annually and causes considerable economic losses. Current human vaccines are inactivated whole-cell preparations (bacterins) of Leptospira spp. that provide strong homologous protection yet fail to induce a cross-protective immune response. Yearly boosters are required, and serious side-effects are frequently...
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